Bits Short rau dab tsi?

Dab tsi yog qhov luv luv rau?

Hauv lub ntiaj teb ntawm kev siv tshuab thiab kev suav, lo lus "ntsis" yog ib lo lus uas siv ntau, feem ntau hais nrog rau lwm cov ntsiab lus xws li bytes, kilobytes, thiab megabytes. Tab sis koj puas tau xav tias qhov "ntsis" luv luv rau dab tsi? Hauv tsab xov xwm no, peb yuav tshawb txog lub hauv paus chiv keeb ntawm lo lus "ntsis," nws lub ntsiab lus, thiab nws qhov tseem ceeb hauv thaj av ntawm computer science.

Defining Bits:

Txhawm rau kom nkag siab qhov "ntsis" luv luv rau, peb yuav tsum delve rau hauv lub tswvyim ntawm binary lej. Ib me ntsis, luv luv rau "binary digit," yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov ntaub ntawv hauv kev suav thiab kev sib txuas lus digital. Nws sawv cev rau tus nqi ntawm 0 lossis 1, thiab nws yog lub tsev thaiv uas txhua cov ntaub ntawv digital khaws cia thiab tswj xyuas.

Cov khoom siv los sawv cev rau cov ntaub ntawv yooj yim tshaj plaws hauv computers. Lawv tuaj yeem sawv cev rau cov khoom muaj txiaj ntsig, xws li "tseeb" lossis "tsis tseeb," uas yog qhov tseem ceeb rau cov khoos phis tawj los txiav txim siab thiab ua cov lej. Tsis tas li ntawd, cov khoom siv tuaj yeem siv los sawv cev tus lej muaj nuj nqis, cim, thiab lwm yam ntaub ntawv.

Keeb kwm ntawm "Bits":

Lub sij hawm "ntsis" yog coined los ntawm Claude Shannon, ib tug American mathematician thiab hluav taws xob engineer, nyob rau hauv nws groundbreaking daim ntawv "A Mathematical Theory of Communication" luam tawm nyob rau hauv 1948. Nyob rau hauv daim ntawv no, Shannon qhia lub tswvyim ntawm me ntsis raws li lub hauv paus ntsiab lus ntawm cov ntaub ntawv. uas tuaj yeem kis tau los ntawm kev sib txuas lus.

Shannon muab lo lus "ntsis" los ntawm kev sib txuas cov lus "binary" thiab "digit". Nws xaiv "binary" los cuam tshuam txog ob qhov txiaj ntsig tau (0 thiab 1) uas me ntsis tuaj yeem sawv cev, thiab "tus lej" los qhia txog tus nqi ntawm qhov me ntsis hauv cov lej binary.

Qhov tseem ceeb ntawm Bits:

Bits tsim lub hauv paus ntawm tag nrho cov ntaub ntawv digital. Lawv yog cov tseem ceeb nyob rau hauv ntau yam ntawm xam, nrog rau cov ntaub ntawv cia, ua, thiab kis tau tus mob. Kev nkag siab lub tswv yim ntawm cov khoom yog qhov tseem ceeb rau txhua tus neeg ua haujlwm nrog cov khoos phis tawj, los ntawm cov programmers thiab software engineers mus rau cov thawj coj hauv network thiab cov kws tshaj lij cybersecurity.

Cov ntaub ntawv khaws cia:

Hauv kev suav, cov ntaub ntawv khaws cia rau hauv daim ntawv binary siv kev sib xyaw ntawm cov khoom. Ib pawg ntawm yim cov khoom yog hu ua byte, uas yog qhov yooj yim chav tsev ntawm kev khaws cia hauv feem ntau cov tshuab computer. Cov khoom siv los sawv cev rau tus kheej cov cim, tus lej, thiab lwm yam ntaub ntawv ntawm cov ntaub ntawv, uas tom qab ntawd muab tso rau hauv bytes thiab ntxiv rau cov ntaub ntawv loj dua.

Piv txwv li, cov ntawv nyeem yog khaws cia ua ib ntu ntawm cov khoom uas sawv cev rau txhua tus cim hauv cov ntaub ntawv. Lub khoos phis tawj nyeem cov khoom no, txhais lawv raws li cov txheej txheem encoding tshwj xeeb (xws li ASCII lossis Unicode), thiab qhia cov cim sib raug ntawm lub vijtsam.

Kev ua cov ntaub ntawv:

Cov khoom kuj tseem ceeb heev hauv kev ua cov ntaub ntawv thiab kev tswj xyuas. Cov khoos phis tawj ua haujlwm ntau yam, xws li kev suav lej lej, kev ua haujlwm zoo, thiab cov ntaub ntawv hloov pauv, siv cov khoom siv los ua tus sawv cev ntawm cov ntaub ntawv.

Cov haujlwm no yog ua los ntawm qhov chaw ua haujlwm hauv nruab nrab (CPU), uas muaj cov lej lej thiab cov lej uas muaj peev xwm tuav cov khoom. CPU tuaj yeem ua cov kev suav daws nyuaj los ntawm kev tswj cov khoom, xws li ntxiv lossis rho tawm cov lej binary, ua cov haujlwm zoo xws li THIAB, LOSSIS, thiab TSIS, thiab ua tiav cov txheej txheem los ua cov ntaub ntawv.

Kev xa cov ntaub ntawv:

Bits ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev xa cov ntaub ntawv ib yam. Thaum cov ntaub ntawv kis tau los ntawm ib lub cuab yeej mus rau lwm qhov, nws tau ua tiav hauv daim ntawv ntawm cov khoom. Txawm hais tias nws xa email, streaming video, lossis saib hauv internet, txhua qhov kev sib txuas lus digital cuam tshuam nrog kev sib kis ntawm cov khoom sib txuas lus ntau yam.

Txhawm rau xa cov khoom siv tau zoo, lawv tau encoded siv cov txheej txheem sib txawv. Piv txwv li, hauv kev sib txuas lus, cov khoom siv feem ntau yog cov hluav taws xob hluav taws xob lossis lub teeb pulses, uas tuaj yeem yooj yim kis tau los ntawm kev sib txuas hauv xov tooj lossis wireless. Cov khoom siv Modem hloov cov khoom siv rau hauv cov teeb liab analog rau kev sib kis ntawm cov xov tooj, thaum cov fibers optical siv lub teeb nqa cov khoom mus ntev.

Bits vs. Bytes:

Thaum cov khoom yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov ntaub ntawv hauv kev suav, lawv feem ntau ua ke ua ke los tsim cov chav loj dua hu ua bytes. Raws li tau hais dhau los, ib byte muaj yim ntsis. Bytes muab txoj hauv kev yooj yim dua los sawv cev thiab tswj cov ntaub ntawv, vim tias feem ntau cov tshuab computer tau tsim los ua haujlwm ntawm bytes es tsis yog cov khoom siv ib leeg.

Bytes yog siv los ntsuas cov ntaub ntawv muaj peev xwm khaws cia, xws li qhov loj ntawm cov ntaub ntawv lossis lub cim xeeb muaj peev xwm ntawm lub computer. Piv txwv li, ib kilobyte (KB) sib npaug rau 1024 bytes, ib megabyte (MB) sib npaug rau 1024 kilobytes, thiab lwm yam. Thaum sib tham txog cov ntaub ntawv hloov chaw, ntawm qhov tod tes, chav tsev "ntsis" feem ntau siv. Piv txwv li, kev sib txuas hauv Is Taws Nem yuav raug tshaj tawm tias muaj qhov ceev ntawm 100 megabits ib ob (Mbps).

Xaus:

Hauv kev xaus, lo lus "ntsis" luv luv rau "binary digits," uas yog cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov ntaub ntawv hauv kev suav. Coined los ntawm Claude Shannon nyob rau hauv 1948, cov khoom sawv cev rau lub hauv paus uas cov ntaub ntawv khaws cia, ua, thiab kis tau tus mob nyob rau hauv lub computer.

Kev nkag siab cov khoom yog qhov tseem ceeb hauv kev tshawb fawb hauv computer thiab thev naus laus zis. Nws ua rau cov programmers sau cov lej zoo, cov kws tsim qauv tsim cov tshuab txhim khu kev qha, thiab cov neeg siv los txiav txim siab paub txog lawv lub neej digital. Raws li kev suav txuas ntxiv mus, qhov tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom thiab lawv lub luag haujlwm hauv kev tsim lub ntiaj teb digital tsis tuaj yeem hais dhau los.